• The problem of malnutrition is generally caused by poverty, lack of food supplies, lack of environmental quality (sanitation), lack of knowledge of nutrition, a balanced diet and health and nutrition of poor areas (iodine)
• At this time face the problem of double nutrient malnutrition problem and the problem of over nutrition.
• more Nutritional problems caused by economic progress in a particular society is accompanied by lack of knowledge about nutrition, a balanced diet and health.
Malnourished Problems
1. Protein Energy Malnutrition
Caused by lack of food sources of energy in general and lack a source of protein. In children, PEM can inhibit growth, susceptible to disease, especially infectious diseases and the resulting low level of intelligence. In adults, PEM reduce work productivity and health status so that predispose to disease. Severe PEM in adults caused by starvation, at this moment is not there anymore. Protein Energy Malnutrition weight in adults is known as honger edema. PEM at the time was mainly found in children under five. In general, PEM is more numerous in the areas of rural than in urban areas. Besides poverty, another factor which influenced the lack of public knowledge about complementary feeding (MP ASI) and / or the provision of food after the baby is weaned and on maintaining a healthy environment.
2. Nutritional Anemia Iron
The cause of the problem Nutritional Anemia Iron is the lack of purchasing power to consume the food source of iron, especially with high biological availability (of animal origin) and in women coupled with blood loss through menstruation or at delivery. Nutritional Anemia Iron caused a decrease in physical ability or productivity, decreased ability to think and reduced antibody thus susceptible to infection. Abatement done through the provision of iron tablets or syrup to the target groups. In all age groups based on the Household Health Survey that while toddlers, school age children, adolescents, pregnant and lactating women, suffer from Nutritional Anemia Iron with a prevalence> 40%
3. Iodine deficiency disorders
Iodine deficiency occurs mainly in mountainous areas, where land is less contain iodine. Combating iodine deficiency disorder problems specifically made provision capsul mealui iodized oil / capsul iodized oil to all women of childbearing age and elementary school children in endemic areas. In general, prevention of iodine deficiency disorder dilakaukan through iodized salt. Iodine deficiency disorders causes thyroid enlargement (thyroid). In children led to bottlenecks in physical growth, and mental, visible from a state body that dwarf, dumb, retarded or stupid.
4. Low vitamin A
Vitamin A deficiency that causes blindness, possible re-emergence KVA still have to watch out for, because at this stage of subclinical Low vitamin A is still a problem.
Classification KVA:
1.XIB = Bitot spots
2.X2/X3 = Xerosis Cornea / Keratomalacia
3.XS = Grate Cornea
Intervention by the government to solve this is by giving KVA capsule Vit. A high dose region prone pockets xeroftalmia / deficiency Vit A. As many as 50.0% of children under five still showed serum levels of Vit A low, ie <20 mg / dl. Low vitamin A can cause blindness, reduced endurance, so susceptible to infection, which often causes death in children. KVA is the cause of the problem of poverty and lack of knowledge about nutrition.
More Nutrition Problems
Nutritional problems later appeared on the surface that is at the beginning of this.
Nutrition is more commonly caused by:
1. Increased revenue in a particular group of Comm.
2. Terutam lifestyle changes in eating patterns, where the traditional diet high KH, Higher crude fiber, low fat diet changed to a new low KH, Low crude fiber, high fat foods so that the shift towards quality which is not balanced.
3. Flows of foreign food culture
4. Reduced physical activity
5. Stress
prevalence of overweight / obesity shows that in the last 10 years, the prevalence of overweight infants increased from 0.77% to 4.48%. Prevalence of overweight and obesity at age 19-65 years is greater in women than men. Impact of nutrition problems in adults appear to increasing degenerative diseases such as coronary heart disease, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, tumors, cancer and heart disease.
"Heart disease and blood vessel has been ranked first cause of death"
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