Environmental Pollution

Environmental pollution is the entry/inclusion of living things, matter, energy and / or other components into the water/air/ land so that the change order (composition) of water/air/land by human activities and natural processes, so that quality can be less or no longer function as intended.


Environmental Pollution consists of:
- Water Pollution
- Air Pollution
- Soil Pollution

Air Pollution
Air pollution is the presence of one or more physical substance, chemical or biological in the atmosphere in the amount that can endanger human health, animals, plants, interfere with aesthetics and comfort, or damage property.

Air Pollution Sources
Primary Air Pollution is the presence of one or more physical substance, chemical or biological in the atmosphere in the amount that could endanger human health, animals, plants, disturb the aesthetics and comfort, or damage property.
Primary Air Pollution is the presence of one or more physical substance, chemical or biological in the atmosphere in the amount that could endanger human health, animals, plants, disturb the aesthetics and comfort, or damage property.

Factors affecting the Air Pollution
1. Climate & meteorological factors
a. Temperature
Cold air pollutants in industrial areas = Plant height = Concentration of pollutant air exchange = difficult = respiratory tract infection
b. Wind Direction and Speed
Strong Winds = pollutant scattered everywhere = pollute the environment
Wind = Weak = Pollution Air pollutants accumulate Example: Forest Fire
c. Rain
Rain = water soluble pollutants in the air = Air Pollution
Example: Local area coal industry SO2 Rain Water = Sulfuric Acid = Acid Rain


2. Topology Factor
a. Lowland
The wind tends to carry pollutants far flying all over = Air Pollution
b. Mountains
Cold air = Holds the pollutants in the earth’s surface = Air Pollution
c. Valley
Little wind flow / slow = Holding pollutants in surface = Air Pollution

Indicators of Air Pollution
1. Sulfur dioxide gas
2. Smoke Index = electronic photo equipment Meters
3. Dust Particles

Impact of Air Pollution

Health Impacts
a. Enter through the respiratory system, large particulates suspended in the upper respiratory tract, while the small particle / gas can reach the lungs the body’s circulatory system All
b. Toxic and carcinogenic properties

Plant Impact
Chlorosis, necrosis, black spots, inhibits photosynthesis

Acid Rain
Process: CO2 SO2 NO2 react in the atmosphere with the rain making AH decreased pH (<5.6),

Impact on:
a. AH Quality
b. Damage crops
c. Dissolve heavy metals in soil
d. Corrosive and damage the building material and
Greenhouse Effect
a. The greenhouse effect due to the presence of CO2, CFCs, methane, O3, N2O atmospheric layer that absorbs solar heat radiation reflected by the earth’s surface.
b. Heat trapped in the troposphere Global Warming
Impact:
1. In polar ice melt
2. Regional and global climate change
3. Changes in the life cycle of flora and fauna

Damage Ozone Layer
a. O3 layer in the stratosphere (20-35 km) which is the protector of the earth that serves to filter UV-B radiation and sun
b. The formation and decomposition moleku O3-molecules occur naturally in the stratosphere
c. CFC emissions that reach the stratosphere is stable cause the rate of decomposition of O3 molecules faster than its formation to form the holes in the ozone layer
d. Damage to the ozone layer causing UV-B sun rays are not filtered à Ca skin as well as disease in plants

Prevention of Air Pollution
1. Short Term

1. Socialization
2. Relocation of industrial zones kepinggiran city
3. Development of green areas around the industrial area
4. EIA in the environment
5. Supervision and ban burning of ‘black and
6. Test of gas emissions from motor vehicle exhaust
7. Improvement of transportation facilities to reduce use of private vehicles

2. Long-term

1. A good city layout
2. Changing the environment-friendly fuel
3. Rail transport that soil (Subway Station)
4. Greening plants every corner of the city
5. Making Law Environmental quality environmental health